The umbilicus aponeurotic implantation was detached and reattached in a maximum proportion of 1/1.6 between the infra- and supraumbilical skin segment in 502 patients. After fusiform skin resection, the rectus muscles aponeuroses were plicated through a medial tunnel. 8Īpplication of Divine Proportion in Mammaplasty and Abdominoplastyĭivine proportion between the perimeter of the waist and the hips was aimed for abdominoplasty. However, a thin-plate spline analysis of the average facial features of northwestern Europeans revealed that Marquardt’s mask best described the facial proportions of masculinized White women, as seen in fashion models, but did not seem to describe the “ideal” face shape even for White women, because its proportions were inconsistent with the optimal preferences of most people, especially with regard to femininity. Thereafter he suggested that the facial golden mask may be used as an analytical tool. 6Ī plastic surgeon applied the facial golden mask to 40 preoperative and postoperative photographs and scored each photograph on a 1–5 scale and found that score was lower when the facial deformity was severe, whereas it was higher when the face was attractive. Applying the mask to 72 European White individuals and judging their appearance in surveys, Bashour found that the mask model correlated strongly with attractiveness. Available at Ī study provided support for the use of this mathematical model to produce an objective system for measuring facial attractiveness. Marquardt’s golden mask, in which decagons and pentagons were used that embody φ in all their dimensions.
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